Ablution is to purify ourselves of all the small hadast accordance with the rules of Islamic Shari'a. In language, derived from the ruling in Al-Wadha'ah, who has a sense of cleanliness and brightness. While it is known, use water for ablution are members of a particular body (ie face, hands, head and two legs) to eliminate things that can hinder a person to perform prayers or the other.
Ablution intentions:NAWAITUL WUDHUU-A LIROF'IL HADATSIL ASGHORI FARDHOL lillahi TA'AALAA.Meaning:I intend to remove hadats minor ablution as Allah Ta'ala.Which may invalidate ablution are:a. removing a substance from qubul (pubic) and rectum (anus). For example, urination, defecation, flatulence / farting and so forth.b. either loss of consciousness due to fainting, seizures, trance, crazy, drunk, and others.c. Contact with the opposite sex who is not unrelated with no cap.d. sleep well, but sleep micro (micro sleep) while sitting without changing position.Way over their children:a. read bismillahb. wash handsc. intention of ablution
As the words of the Prophet peace and blessings Alaihi Wa Sallam: "Behold the deeds depend on intentions" (Narrated by Bukhari, Muslim). Intention is the willingness and desire to perform ablutions heart. Also on what was mentioned in the hadith, that the intention was to lead to the liver, whereas melafadkannya is something that is not prescribed. [2]d. rinse and clean the teeth (3x)e. wash the entire face / face until blended (the sidelines of a beard if any) (3x)Obligations in ablution wash your face in it only once, 3x Sunnah. Ie from the top of the forehead to the bottom of the chin and from one ear to the bottom of the other ear. As difrmankan by Allah Almighty: "O ye who believe, if you want to pray then wash your face." (Surat Al-Maidah: 6) Water washing it should flow to the face, because here means stream flows.f. wash hands evenly hinnga elbow (3x the right first)Namely: as Allah the Exalted: "And your hands up to her elbows" (QS.Al-Maidah: 6)g. wash your hair to the front of the flat (3x)h. ear wash / ear hinnga evenly (3x right side first)i. washed the feet to ankles until blended (3x right first)j. read the prayer after ablution
Evidence in the proposition Disyariatkannya AblutionTheorem of Al-QuranAllah says which means, "O ye who believe, if you want the prayer, then wash your faces and your hands up to the elbows, rub your heads and (wash) your feet to the ankles." (Surat Al-Maidah: 6)The definition of the Sunnah
A. It was narrated from Ibn Abbas radi 'anhu, he said: Messenger of Allah sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam said, "Verily I am commanded to perform ablution when going to pray." (Narrated by At-Tirmidhi, Abu Dawud, An-Nasa'i with a degree authentic)
2. Hadeeth of Abu Hurayrah, he said: Messenger of Allah sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said, "Not acceptable prayer one of you if he berhadas, until he made ablution." (Narrated by Bukhari and Muslim)
Argument of Ijma 'The scholars have agreed that the unauthorized prayer without performing ablution, if he is able to do so.So important and the magnificence of this ruling in the case, as to say that someone unauthorized prayer without ablution, then it is proper for every Muslim to pay great attention to this problem by trying to enhance wudhunya namely with respect to the terms, obligations, sunnah and the sunnah of ablution.The terms of AblutionWhat is meant by the terms of ablution are matters that must be met by people who want to perform ablution. Among the requirements of ablution are:
A. Islam.
Ablution is a form of worship in Islam, where people who do it with sincerity and in accordance with the guidance of Allah will be rewarded. As for the unbelievers, their deeds-deeds as scattered dust that will not be accepted by Allah Ta'ala.
2. Rational
3. Tamyiz (Adult)
4. Intention
Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said, "Surely it depends charitable intentions, and everyone is getting what he purposes. "(Narrated by Bukhari and Muslim). Therefore, people who dhohirnya (by naked eye) ablution, but his intention merely to cool the body without any intentional or invigorating body to carry out the orders of Allah and His Messenger and the ablution eliminate hadats, then wudhunya invalid. And the need to note, that the intention here is located in the heart and not have to dilafazkan.
5. Tasmiyah
What is meant by tasmiyah is read "Bismillah". It may also when added to the "Ar-Rohmanir Rohim". Tasmiyah when to start the prayer is a legitimate requirement of ablution by the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam, "No prayer for the person who is no ablution ablution, and for those who do not mention the name of Allah (bertasmiyah, pen). "(Narrated by Ibn Majah, hasan)
6. Using the holy water
Water is said to be holy or sacred when not mixed by the substances / items to be changed so that the unclean one of three properties, ie smell, taste and color. If the water has been exposed to unclean, such as urine or the other, then be changed any of the three properties above the water has become impure again based on consensus. If water is not tercampuri by something unclean, so that water can still be used for ablution when the mixture just a bit. But when mixed with water enough to make it not be said again as the water, the water that has changed this can not be used to perform ablution again because it can not be said again as water. For example, there is a holy water as much as 1 liter. The water is then mixed with 5 tablespoons of milk powder and stir. Water mixture is then no longer be used for ablution since has changed its name to "milk" and is said to be water again.
7. Using water that is permissible
If water is obtained by stealing, it is not legitimate ablution with water. It is based on the words of the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam, "Verily, Allah is All Good. He did not receive anything except good. "(Narrated by Muslim). Already understood, that stealing is an act that is not good and it was clear keharamannya. Therefore, the water of the loot (which is an item that is not good) no legitimate use for ablution.
8. Eliminate anything that blocks the arrival of water to the skin.
Ablution unauthorized person or otherwise use kutek that can block the arrival of water to the skin.
Pillars, Pillars of AblutionPillars ablution ablution is also known as the duty matters that must be done by people who perform ablutions to wudhunya be valid. Among the pillars of ablution are:A. Washing the entire faceThe face is something that appears on the face. Face restrictions is to start from where the growth of hair on the forehead to the bottom of the beard or chin (if you do not have a beard). This is when viewed vertically. The limitation is the horizontal face from ear to ear to the other.Washing your face is one of the shophouse ablution, that is not valid without wudoo washing his face. Allah says which means, "O ye who believe, if you want to pray then wash your faces." (Surat Al-Maidah: 6)Including one of the obligations in ablution is interrupted interrupted for having a beard bushy beard of the hadeeth of Anas Ibn Malik radi 'anhu that when the Prophet sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam ablution, he took setelapak water then put it under his chin beard interrupting the next interrupt. Then said, "This is my Lord commanded me." (Narrated by Abu Dawud, al-Bayhaqi, al-Hakim with a saheeh sanad lighoirihi).Necessary to note that washing your face pegertian including madhmadhoh (rinsing the mouth) and istinsyaq (insert water and sip it down to the inside of the nose). This is because the mouth and nose also includes parts of the face should be washed. The Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said, "If any one of you let him perform ablution istinsyaq." (Narrated by Muslim). As for madhmadhoh, he sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said, "If you perform ablutions, then do madhmadhoh." (Narrated by Abu Dawud, Tirmidhi, Nasa'i and Ibn Majah with a saheeh sanad)So that people without any madhmadhoh ablution and then wudhunya istinsyaq invalid.2. Wash both hands up to elbowsThe scholars agreed that it is obligatory to wash his hands when the ablution. Allah says which means, "O ye who believe, if you want to pray then wash your faces and your hands up to elbow." (Surat Al-Maidah: 6)Necessary to note that the elbow is a part that should be included for hand washing.3. Rubbed his head and both earsAllah says which means, "... and rub your head." (Surat Al-Maidah: 6). What is meant by rubbing the head is rubbed all over the head from front to rear. As if a man wearing a turban, it is enough for him to rub the hair on the top of his head and rubbed his turban. Similarly, for women who wear the headscarf.As for rubbing the ears because it is also obligatory part of the head. The Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said, "The ear, including the head." (Narrated by Ibn Majah, Sahih). Rub both ears is done after rubbing the head with a new one without taking water.4. Washing both feet to ankles.Allah says which means, "and (wash) your feet to the ankles." (Surat Al-Maidah: 6)Necessary to note that the ankles are among the foot that should be included to be washed. The interrupt interrupting the toes is also obligatory if possible parts between the fingers are not washed away except by the interrupt-nyelanya.5. Muwalaat (consecutive)Muwalat was successively washed in ablution members. The point is before the body which washed dried up, he had to wash the other limb.The evidence is the hadeeth of Umar radi 'anhu that there is a man who made ablution and left part of the nail in his foot that has not been washed. When he sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam saw it he said, "Go back and fix wudhumu!" (Narrated by Muslim). In a history of some companions of the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam, "Behold, the Prophet saw a man praying, while at the top of the foot are not affected by the drams of water. So the Prophet ordered him to repeat his ablution and prayer. "(Narrated by Abu Dawud, Saheeh). From the above hadith, we can know that is one of the pillars muwalaat ablution. This is because the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam was not replenish itself in people who have not ordered wudhunya perfect for washing parts that have not been washed before, but he ordered the person to repeat wudhunya.Sunna-sunnah AblutionThe definition of ablution is Sunna-sunnah things perfect ablution. In it there is an additional reward. As if things are left out, wudhunya remain valid. Among the sunnah, the sunnah of ablution are:A. BersiwakSiwak is taken from the word saka, which means it is rubbing. Meanwhile, according to the terms, the meaning is the use of wood siwak bersiwak or the like on the teeth to remove the yellow color or the other.Bersiwak is highly recommended when about to perform ablutions by the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam, "If I'm not worried about aggravating my people, surely I have commanded them to bersiwak every ablution." (Narrated by Ahmad, in Shohihul jami')2. Wash both handsWhat is meant is to wash the palms of your hands before washing when they wanted to wash his face. This is done each three times about the nature of the hadeeth of 'Uthman (way) ablution of the Prophet sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam, "... and then he poured (water) in the palm of his hand three times and then wash it off." (Narrated by Bukhari and Muslim)3. Madhmadhoh (rinse-kumr) and istinsyaq (putting water into the nose) from the palm of the hand three times.It is based on the hadith Abdullah bin Zaid radi 'anhu who teaches about the nature of the ablutions of the Prophet sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam, "Behold, she rinsed her mouth and istinsyaq of one's palm. He did it three times. "(Narrated by Muslim). Wudu is sunnah in earnest when beristnsyaq (putting water into the nose), except for people who bepuasa. It is based on the words of the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam, "in beristinsyaq sunguhlah mean, unless you are in a state of fasting. (Narrated by Abu Dawud, Nasa'i, Ibn Majah, Ahmad with a saheeh sanad)Need to know that bermadhmadhoh and beristinsyaq the obligatory ablution (as the previous explanation of the pillars of wudu). The bermadhmadhoh and beristinsyaq by using one of your palm and do as much as three times the law is sunnah. Similarly, in earnest when he made ablution beristinsyaq than for people who are fasting, it was legal is sunnah.4. TayamunWhat is meant by tayamun is a member of ablution by washing the start of the first members of the ruling in the right then to the left when washing your hands or feet.The evidence is the actions of the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam, as narrated from Ibn Abbas radi' anhu when he tells the nature of the ablution of the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam. Ibn Abbas radi 'anhu said, "... Then he took water and washed seciduk his right hand, then take seciduk water and washed his left hand. Then he rubbed his head. Then he took water and poured it seciduk on his right foot up to wash it. Then he took another seciduk water and washed his left foot. "(Narrated by Bukhari)5. Members of ablution washing three times.Hali is the most perfect way of ablution of the hadeeth A'robi (Bedouin Arabs) when he asked the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam about ablution, then he sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam taught him three times-three times. Then he sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said, "This is how to perform ablutions ..." (Narrated by Nasa'i, Ibn Majah and Ahmad, shohih). Also based on the hadith Uthman radi 'anhu who once showed how to perform ablution of the Prophet sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam. Uthman radi 'anhu ablution three times three times and then said, "I saw the Prophet wudhuku ablution like this ..." (Narrated by Bukhari and Muslim). The ablution once in a while or two times two times, it was also possible because the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam also been done.6. Prayer after ablutionPrayer after ablution is one practice that is highly recommended, based on the hadith of 'Umar that the Prophet sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam said, "It is not one of you with a perfect ablution, and then say 'ASYHADU allaa laa ilaha illa Allah wahdahu syarika lahu, ASYHADU wa wa anna muhammdan abduhu rosuluhu 'except for the eight gates of heaven opened for him and he may enter from whichever door he likes. "(Narrated by Muslim). Inside there are additional readings lafadz Tirmidhi, "Allahumma wa ijnalni minattawwabiin ij'alni mutathohhiriin minal." (Narrated by Tirmidhi, Saheeh)7. Prayed two rak'ahs after ablutionThis practice has a very great value in Islam based on the hadith Uthman radi 'anhu. When Uthman radi 'anhu finished practicing ablution of the Prophet sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam, he said, "I saw the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam wudhuku ablution like this, then he said,' Whoever wudhuku ablution like this, then prayed two rak'ahs with full of humility, then God will forgive their sin is past. '"(Narrated by Bukhari and Muslim)Benefits of AblutionA. HSRMuslim, I: 1151.dan Mukhtaashar Muslim, 133.From Abu Hurairah ra, the Prophet has said: Shall I show you a few things with God's will menghapusdosadosa and uplift you? O Messenger of Allah willing, they said. Word of his: the perfect wudu 'when in difficult circumstances, often stepping into keMasjid (for congregational prayers), pray and wait for the (next) prayer after selesaimengerjakan *), so it is a struggle (ribath +), struggle (sekalilagi), struggle. *) Prayer MaghribIsya while dzikrullooh (pen.) +) to maintain the gatehouse leading underlined. (Lih.Sahih MuslimI: 151).
2. HSR Muslim, I: 148 and Mukht.Muslim no. 121.From Abu Hurairah, the Prophet said: Apanila a slave Muslim (Mu'min) ablution, then he washed his face, it will come out of his face he sees every sin yangpernah (haram) with the same eyes with water or with the last tetesanair; when he wash his hands, out of his hands every dosayang been done by both tangannyabersamaan with water water atautetesan last. And when he washes his feet, going out dosadosa yangdilakukan by two feet of water in conjunction with or in conjunction with airyang last drop, until he left in a state of mortal sin.
3. HSR Ahmad, V: 252.From Abu Umamah, the Prophet has said: If a Muslim berwudhu'maka dosadosanya will come out with cause hearing, seeing, from his hands and feet darikedua. When he sat down (waiting for the prayer), he entered the state dosadosanya forgiven. ***) This Hadith MNAA dihasankan in "Sahih Jami'us Shaghiir, no.461.
4. HSR Muslim I: 140.Ay'ariy of Abu Malik, has said the Prophet.: Purification is half of faith, thank God will fulfill the scales, they will meet subhanallooh danalhamdulillaah between heaven and earth, prayer is a light, shodaqoh is evidence, shobar is light, and Remembrance hujjan ataubagimu is upon you. And every man went to sell him, THEN THERE IS MEMERDEKAKANDIRINYA, and also to destroy HIMSELF.
5. Muslim HSR III: 133.From Usman ra., Has said the Holy Prophet: Whoever ablution, then iasempurnakan wudhunya, dosadosanya will undoubtedly come out of his body, until it comes out (dosadosa) from below kukukuku finger.
Canceling a Case-Case The Ablution
A. Something out of the two roads namely qubul and rectalLike a fart,Word of Allah Almighty:"O ye who believe, if you want to establish berwuduklah prayer or if there is between karnu who come from a lavatory". (Surah al-Maidah: 6)
Abu Hurairah ra said, bahawa Messenger of Allah said:"Allah will not accept one's prayer if he has berhadas so he returned ablution.A man instead of Hadramaut asked: What is meant by ritual impurity, O Abu Hurayrah? He replied: Farts. (Hadith al-Bukhari and Muslim)Mazi water out.Ali bin Abu Talib r.a said:"I am the man the most out of the water Mazi. Then I ordered a man asked him to use her name perempuanya (Fatimah). Then he asked the king. Haginda then answered: Berwudhu'lah and wash your dick ". (Hadith al-Bukhari and Muslim)Ibn al-Mundziri r.h bcrkata:"It Thabit than Hadith Prophet rnengenai kewajipan wudoo 'for water Mazi (coming out)". (Refer to al-Ausot, Vol. 1, ms. 133)Al-Nawawi r.h said:"Regarding the law out of the water Mazi, Consensus scholars that not obligatory shower junub. Abu Hanifah, Syafie, Ahmad and jumhur argued, based on the hadith must berwuduk IBI. "(Refer to Sharh Sahih Muslim, Vol. 3, ms. 212)Out al-WadiIbn Abbas a saying: In connection with the semen, mandatory bath junub. About Mazi and wadi water, he washed his cock and let bewuduk. (Hadith Abdul Razzaq in Musannaf, Vol. 1, ms. 159 with authentic sanad)Ibn al-Mundhir r.h said:"Regarding the wadi water, he was something out than the penis after urinating. By it, wudu 'must after urinating. So, what comes out Sahaja than berwuduk penis is certainly required as an exit shall berwuduk urine. "(Refer to al-Ausot, Vol. 1, ms. 136)Out semenThis is based on the history of Ibn Abbas who stated before this through Musannaf Abdul Razzaq.2. With memory loss because crazy or mad, or sleep position is not fixed3. Skin touching between men and women who are not unrelated.4. Palms touching the genitals with the child's abdomen ataau jari.samada pubic own or someone else.
Busrah bint Safwan ra said bahawa Messenger of Allah said: "Do not perform the prayer before doing wudoo 'for sesiapa who touched his genitals. (Hadith reported by Ahmad, al-Tirmidhi, al-Nasaai, Abu Dawud and Ibn Majah. Al-Tirmizi mensahihkannya)Hadiths regarding ablution
A. Any person with a good ablution of his sins out of his body sampaipun from under his fingernails. (Narrated by Muslim)2. A person who completed ablution well and utter two sentences creed, it will open him the gates of Paradise are eight and he can enter the door where he wills. (Narrated by Ahmad and Ibn Majah)3. Sa'ad that the Prophet saw was ablution, then he said, "what's Waste, O Sa'ad?" Sa'ad asked, "Is there extravagance in ablution?" He replied, "Yes, although you (ablution) in flowing river. "(Narrated by Ahmad)4. Be contained in this race of a people who exaggerated the ablution and prayed. (Narrated by Ahmad, Abu Dawud, and Ibn Majah)5. My people will look at the last day with shining faces, hands and legs glistening traces of ablution. (Narrated by Ahmad, Bukhari and Muslim)
Similarly, some conditions, harmony and the Sunnah, the Sunnah and the benefits of ablution that should be a concern for us all to our resume practicing for our ablutions in accordance with the instructions the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam. Actually there are some issues on which the scholars still dispute about the classification into the terms, pillars or sunnah of ablution, but we purposely did not show and only selected the most powerful opinion by the author to facilitate discussion. I hope God gives taufik to the author of this paper and make a saving good deeds for the writer in the hereafter and useful to readers as well.
Ablution intentions:NAWAITUL WUDHUU-A LIROF'IL HADATSIL ASGHORI FARDHOL lillahi TA'AALAA.Meaning:I intend to remove hadats minor ablution as Allah Ta'ala.Which may invalidate ablution are:a. removing a substance from qubul (pubic) and rectum (anus). For example, urination, defecation, flatulence / farting and so forth.b. either loss of consciousness due to fainting, seizures, trance, crazy, drunk, and others.c. Contact with the opposite sex who is not unrelated with no cap.d. sleep well, but sleep micro (micro sleep) while sitting without changing position.Way over their children:a. read bismillahb. wash handsc. intention of ablution
As the words of the Prophet peace and blessings Alaihi Wa Sallam: "Behold the deeds depend on intentions" (Narrated by Bukhari, Muslim). Intention is the willingness and desire to perform ablutions heart. Also on what was mentioned in the hadith, that the intention was to lead to the liver, whereas melafadkannya is something that is not prescribed. [2]d. rinse and clean the teeth (3x)e. wash the entire face / face until blended (the sidelines of a beard if any) (3x)Obligations in ablution wash your face in it only once, 3x Sunnah. Ie from the top of the forehead to the bottom of the chin and from one ear to the bottom of the other ear. As difrmankan by Allah Almighty: "O ye who believe, if you want to pray then wash your face." (Surat Al-Maidah: 6) Water washing it should flow to the face, because here means stream flows.f. wash hands evenly hinnga elbow (3x the right first)Namely: as Allah the Exalted: "And your hands up to her elbows" (QS.Al-Maidah: 6)g. wash your hair to the front of the flat (3x)h. ear wash / ear hinnga evenly (3x right side first)i. washed the feet to ankles until blended (3x right first)j. read the prayer after ablution
Evidence in the proposition Disyariatkannya AblutionTheorem of Al-QuranAllah says which means, "O ye who believe, if you want the prayer, then wash your faces and your hands up to the elbows, rub your heads and (wash) your feet to the ankles." (Surat Al-Maidah: 6)The definition of the Sunnah
A. It was narrated from Ibn Abbas radi 'anhu, he said: Messenger of Allah sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam said, "Verily I am commanded to perform ablution when going to pray." (Narrated by At-Tirmidhi, Abu Dawud, An-Nasa'i with a degree authentic)
2. Hadeeth of Abu Hurayrah, he said: Messenger of Allah sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said, "Not acceptable prayer one of you if he berhadas, until he made ablution." (Narrated by Bukhari and Muslim)
Argument of Ijma 'The scholars have agreed that the unauthorized prayer without performing ablution, if he is able to do so.So important and the magnificence of this ruling in the case, as to say that someone unauthorized prayer without ablution, then it is proper for every Muslim to pay great attention to this problem by trying to enhance wudhunya namely with respect to the terms, obligations, sunnah and the sunnah of ablution.The terms of AblutionWhat is meant by the terms of ablution are matters that must be met by people who want to perform ablution. Among the requirements of ablution are:
A. Islam.
Ablution is a form of worship in Islam, where people who do it with sincerity and in accordance with the guidance of Allah will be rewarded. As for the unbelievers, their deeds-deeds as scattered dust that will not be accepted by Allah Ta'ala.
2. Rational
3. Tamyiz (Adult)
4. Intention
Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said, "Surely it depends charitable intentions, and everyone is getting what he purposes. "(Narrated by Bukhari and Muslim). Therefore, people who dhohirnya (by naked eye) ablution, but his intention merely to cool the body without any intentional or invigorating body to carry out the orders of Allah and His Messenger and the ablution eliminate hadats, then wudhunya invalid. And the need to note, that the intention here is located in the heart and not have to dilafazkan.
5. Tasmiyah
What is meant by tasmiyah is read "Bismillah". It may also when added to the "Ar-Rohmanir Rohim". Tasmiyah when to start the prayer is a legitimate requirement of ablution by the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam, "No prayer for the person who is no ablution ablution, and for those who do not mention the name of Allah (bertasmiyah, pen). "(Narrated by Ibn Majah, hasan)
6. Using the holy water
Water is said to be holy or sacred when not mixed by the substances / items to be changed so that the unclean one of three properties, ie smell, taste and color. If the water has been exposed to unclean, such as urine or the other, then be changed any of the three properties above the water has become impure again based on consensus. If water is not tercampuri by something unclean, so that water can still be used for ablution when the mixture just a bit. But when mixed with water enough to make it not be said again as the water, the water that has changed this can not be used to perform ablution again because it can not be said again as water. For example, there is a holy water as much as 1 liter. The water is then mixed with 5 tablespoons of milk powder and stir. Water mixture is then no longer be used for ablution since has changed its name to "milk" and is said to be water again.
7. Using water that is permissible
If water is obtained by stealing, it is not legitimate ablution with water. It is based on the words of the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam, "Verily, Allah is All Good. He did not receive anything except good. "(Narrated by Muslim). Already understood, that stealing is an act that is not good and it was clear keharamannya. Therefore, the water of the loot (which is an item that is not good) no legitimate use for ablution.
8. Eliminate anything that blocks the arrival of water to the skin.
Ablution unauthorized person or otherwise use kutek that can block the arrival of water to the skin.
Pillars, Pillars of AblutionPillars ablution ablution is also known as the duty matters that must be done by people who perform ablutions to wudhunya be valid. Among the pillars of ablution are:A. Washing the entire faceThe face is something that appears on the face. Face restrictions is to start from where the growth of hair on the forehead to the bottom of the beard or chin (if you do not have a beard). This is when viewed vertically. The limitation is the horizontal face from ear to ear to the other.Washing your face is one of the shophouse ablution, that is not valid without wudoo washing his face. Allah says which means, "O ye who believe, if you want to pray then wash your faces." (Surat Al-Maidah: 6)Including one of the obligations in ablution is interrupted interrupted for having a beard bushy beard of the hadeeth of Anas Ibn Malik radi 'anhu that when the Prophet sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam ablution, he took setelapak water then put it under his chin beard interrupting the next interrupt. Then said, "This is my Lord commanded me." (Narrated by Abu Dawud, al-Bayhaqi, al-Hakim with a saheeh sanad lighoirihi).Necessary to note that washing your face pegertian including madhmadhoh (rinsing the mouth) and istinsyaq (insert water and sip it down to the inside of the nose). This is because the mouth and nose also includes parts of the face should be washed. The Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said, "If any one of you let him perform ablution istinsyaq." (Narrated by Muslim). As for madhmadhoh, he sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said, "If you perform ablutions, then do madhmadhoh." (Narrated by Abu Dawud, Tirmidhi, Nasa'i and Ibn Majah with a saheeh sanad)So that people without any madhmadhoh ablution and then wudhunya istinsyaq invalid.2. Wash both hands up to elbowsThe scholars agreed that it is obligatory to wash his hands when the ablution. Allah says which means, "O ye who believe, if you want to pray then wash your faces and your hands up to elbow." (Surat Al-Maidah: 6)Necessary to note that the elbow is a part that should be included for hand washing.3. Rubbed his head and both earsAllah says which means, "... and rub your head." (Surat Al-Maidah: 6). What is meant by rubbing the head is rubbed all over the head from front to rear. As if a man wearing a turban, it is enough for him to rub the hair on the top of his head and rubbed his turban. Similarly, for women who wear the headscarf.As for rubbing the ears because it is also obligatory part of the head. The Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said, "The ear, including the head." (Narrated by Ibn Majah, Sahih). Rub both ears is done after rubbing the head with a new one without taking water.4. Washing both feet to ankles.Allah says which means, "and (wash) your feet to the ankles." (Surat Al-Maidah: 6)Necessary to note that the ankles are among the foot that should be included to be washed. The interrupt interrupting the toes is also obligatory if possible parts between the fingers are not washed away except by the interrupt-nyelanya.5. Muwalaat (consecutive)Muwalat was successively washed in ablution members. The point is before the body which washed dried up, he had to wash the other limb.The evidence is the hadeeth of Umar radi 'anhu that there is a man who made ablution and left part of the nail in his foot that has not been washed. When he sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam saw it he said, "Go back and fix wudhumu!" (Narrated by Muslim). In a history of some companions of the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam, "Behold, the Prophet saw a man praying, while at the top of the foot are not affected by the drams of water. So the Prophet ordered him to repeat his ablution and prayer. "(Narrated by Abu Dawud, Saheeh). From the above hadith, we can know that is one of the pillars muwalaat ablution. This is because the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam was not replenish itself in people who have not ordered wudhunya perfect for washing parts that have not been washed before, but he ordered the person to repeat wudhunya.Sunna-sunnah AblutionThe definition of ablution is Sunna-sunnah things perfect ablution. In it there is an additional reward. As if things are left out, wudhunya remain valid. Among the sunnah, the sunnah of ablution are:A. BersiwakSiwak is taken from the word saka, which means it is rubbing. Meanwhile, according to the terms, the meaning is the use of wood siwak bersiwak or the like on the teeth to remove the yellow color or the other.Bersiwak is highly recommended when about to perform ablutions by the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam, "If I'm not worried about aggravating my people, surely I have commanded them to bersiwak every ablution." (Narrated by Ahmad, in Shohihul jami')2. Wash both handsWhat is meant is to wash the palms of your hands before washing when they wanted to wash his face. This is done each three times about the nature of the hadeeth of 'Uthman (way) ablution of the Prophet sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam, "... and then he poured (water) in the palm of his hand three times and then wash it off." (Narrated by Bukhari and Muslim)3. Madhmadhoh (rinse-kumr) and istinsyaq (putting water into the nose) from the palm of the hand three times.It is based on the hadith Abdullah bin Zaid radi 'anhu who teaches about the nature of the ablutions of the Prophet sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam, "Behold, she rinsed her mouth and istinsyaq of one's palm. He did it three times. "(Narrated by Muslim). Wudu is sunnah in earnest when beristnsyaq (putting water into the nose), except for people who bepuasa. It is based on the words of the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam, "in beristinsyaq sunguhlah mean, unless you are in a state of fasting. (Narrated by Abu Dawud, Nasa'i, Ibn Majah, Ahmad with a saheeh sanad)Need to know that bermadhmadhoh and beristinsyaq the obligatory ablution (as the previous explanation of the pillars of wudu). The bermadhmadhoh and beristinsyaq by using one of your palm and do as much as three times the law is sunnah. Similarly, in earnest when he made ablution beristinsyaq than for people who are fasting, it was legal is sunnah.4. TayamunWhat is meant by tayamun is a member of ablution by washing the start of the first members of the ruling in the right then to the left when washing your hands or feet.The evidence is the actions of the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam, as narrated from Ibn Abbas radi' anhu when he tells the nature of the ablution of the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam. Ibn Abbas radi 'anhu said, "... Then he took water and washed seciduk his right hand, then take seciduk water and washed his left hand. Then he rubbed his head. Then he took water and poured it seciduk on his right foot up to wash it. Then he took another seciduk water and washed his left foot. "(Narrated by Bukhari)5. Members of ablution washing three times.Hali is the most perfect way of ablution of the hadeeth A'robi (Bedouin Arabs) when he asked the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam about ablution, then he sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam taught him three times-three times. Then he sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said, "This is how to perform ablutions ..." (Narrated by Nasa'i, Ibn Majah and Ahmad, shohih). Also based on the hadith Uthman radi 'anhu who once showed how to perform ablution of the Prophet sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam. Uthman radi 'anhu ablution three times three times and then said, "I saw the Prophet wudhuku ablution like this ..." (Narrated by Bukhari and Muslim). The ablution once in a while or two times two times, it was also possible because the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam also been done.6. Prayer after ablutionPrayer after ablution is one practice that is highly recommended, based on the hadith of 'Umar that the Prophet sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam said, "It is not one of you with a perfect ablution, and then say 'ASYHADU allaa laa ilaha illa Allah wahdahu syarika lahu, ASYHADU wa wa anna muhammdan abduhu rosuluhu 'except for the eight gates of heaven opened for him and he may enter from whichever door he likes. "(Narrated by Muslim). Inside there are additional readings lafadz Tirmidhi, "Allahumma wa ijnalni minattawwabiin ij'alni mutathohhiriin minal." (Narrated by Tirmidhi, Saheeh)7. Prayed two rak'ahs after ablutionThis practice has a very great value in Islam based on the hadith Uthman radi 'anhu. When Uthman radi 'anhu finished practicing ablution of the Prophet sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam, he said, "I saw the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam wudhuku ablution like this, then he said,' Whoever wudhuku ablution like this, then prayed two rak'ahs with full of humility, then God will forgive their sin is past. '"(Narrated by Bukhari and Muslim)Benefits of AblutionA. HSRMuslim, I: 1151.dan Mukhtaashar Muslim, 133.From Abu Hurairah ra, the Prophet has said: Shall I show you a few things with God's will menghapusdosadosa and uplift you? O Messenger of Allah willing, they said. Word of his: the perfect wudu 'when in difficult circumstances, often stepping into keMasjid (for congregational prayers), pray and wait for the (next) prayer after selesaimengerjakan *), so it is a struggle (ribath +), struggle (sekalilagi), struggle. *) Prayer MaghribIsya while dzikrullooh (pen.) +) to maintain the gatehouse leading underlined. (Lih.Sahih MuslimI: 151).
2. HSR Muslim, I: 148 and Mukht.Muslim no. 121.From Abu Hurairah, the Prophet said: Apanila a slave Muslim (Mu'min) ablution, then he washed his face, it will come out of his face he sees every sin yangpernah (haram) with the same eyes with water or with the last tetesanair; when he wash his hands, out of his hands every dosayang been done by both tangannyabersamaan with water water atautetesan last. And when he washes his feet, going out dosadosa yangdilakukan by two feet of water in conjunction with or in conjunction with airyang last drop, until he left in a state of mortal sin.
3. HSR Ahmad, V: 252.From Abu Umamah, the Prophet has said: If a Muslim berwudhu'maka dosadosanya will come out with cause hearing, seeing, from his hands and feet darikedua. When he sat down (waiting for the prayer), he entered the state dosadosanya forgiven. ***) This Hadith MNAA dihasankan in "Sahih Jami'us Shaghiir, no.461.
4. HSR Muslim I: 140.Ay'ariy of Abu Malik, has said the Prophet.: Purification is half of faith, thank God will fulfill the scales, they will meet subhanallooh danalhamdulillaah between heaven and earth, prayer is a light, shodaqoh is evidence, shobar is light, and Remembrance hujjan ataubagimu is upon you. And every man went to sell him, THEN THERE IS MEMERDEKAKANDIRINYA, and also to destroy HIMSELF.
5. Muslim HSR III: 133.From Usman ra., Has said the Holy Prophet: Whoever ablution, then iasempurnakan wudhunya, dosadosanya will undoubtedly come out of his body, until it comes out (dosadosa) from below kukukuku finger.
Canceling a Case-Case The Ablution
A. Something out of the two roads namely qubul and rectalLike a fart,Word of Allah Almighty:"O ye who believe, if you want to establish berwuduklah prayer or if there is between karnu who come from a lavatory". (Surah al-Maidah: 6)
Abu Hurairah ra said, bahawa Messenger of Allah said:"Allah will not accept one's prayer if he has berhadas so he returned ablution.A man instead of Hadramaut asked: What is meant by ritual impurity, O Abu Hurayrah? He replied: Farts. (Hadith al-Bukhari and Muslim)Mazi water out.Ali bin Abu Talib r.a said:"I am the man the most out of the water Mazi. Then I ordered a man asked him to use her name perempuanya (Fatimah). Then he asked the king. Haginda then answered: Berwudhu'lah and wash your dick ". (Hadith al-Bukhari and Muslim)Ibn al-Mundziri r.h bcrkata:"It Thabit than Hadith Prophet rnengenai kewajipan wudoo 'for water Mazi (coming out)". (Refer to al-Ausot, Vol. 1, ms. 133)Al-Nawawi r.h said:"Regarding the law out of the water Mazi, Consensus scholars that not obligatory shower junub. Abu Hanifah, Syafie, Ahmad and jumhur argued, based on the hadith must berwuduk IBI. "(Refer to Sharh Sahih Muslim, Vol. 3, ms. 212)Out al-WadiIbn Abbas a saying: In connection with the semen, mandatory bath junub. About Mazi and wadi water, he washed his cock and let bewuduk. (Hadith Abdul Razzaq in Musannaf, Vol. 1, ms. 159 with authentic sanad)Ibn al-Mundhir r.h said:"Regarding the wadi water, he was something out than the penis after urinating. By it, wudu 'must after urinating. So, what comes out Sahaja than berwuduk penis is certainly required as an exit shall berwuduk urine. "(Refer to al-Ausot, Vol. 1, ms. 136)Out semenThis is based on the history of Ibn Abbas who stated before this through Musannaf Abdul Razzaq.2. With memory loss because crazy or mad, or sleep position is not fixed3. Skin touching between men and women who are not unrelated.4. Palms touching the genitals with the child's abdomen ataau jari.samada pubic own or someone else.
Busrah bint Safwan ra said bahawa Messenger of Allah said: "Do not perform the prayer before doing wudoo 'for sesiapa who touched his genitals. (Hadith reported by Ahmad, al-Tirmidhi, al-Nasaai, Abu Dawud and Ibn Majah. Al-Tirmizi mensahihkannya)Hadiths regarding ablution
A. Any person with a good ablution of his sins out of his body sampaipun from under his fingernails. (Narrated by Muslim)2. A person who completed ablution well and utter two sentences creed, it will open him the gates of Paradise are eight and he can enter the door where he wills. (Narrated by Ahmad and Ibn Majah)3. Sa'ad that the Prophet saw was ablution, then he said, "what's Waste, O Sa'ad?" Sa'ad asked, "Is there extravagance in ablution?" He replied, "Yes, although you (ablution) in flowing river. "(Narrated by Ahmad)4. Be contained in this race of a people who exaggerated the ablution and prayed. (Narrated by Ahmad, Abu Dawud, and Ibn Majah)5. My people will look at the last day with shining faces, hands and legs glistening traces of ablution. (Narrated by Ahmad, Bukhari and Muslim)
Similarly, some conditions, harmony and the Sunnah, the Sunnah and the benefits of ablution that should be a concern for us all to our resume practicing for our ablutions in accordance with the instructions the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam. Actually there are some issues on which the scholars still dispute about the classification into the terms, pillars or sunnah of ablution, but we purposely did not show and only selected the most powerful opinion by the author to facilitate discussion. I hope God gives taufik to the author of this paper and make a saving good deeds for the writer in the hereafter and useful to readers as well.
If translated into English, is as follows:
Wudhu adalah mensucikan diri dari segala hadast kecil sesuai dengan aturan syariat islam. Secara bahasa, wudhu berasal dari kata Al-Wadha’ah, yang mempunyai arti kebersihan dan kecerahan. Sedangkan menurut istilah, wudhu adalah menggunakan air untuk anggota-anggota tubuh tertentu (yaitu wajah, dua tangan, kepala dan dua kaki) untuk menghilangkan hal-hal yang dapat menghalangi seseorang untuk melaksanakan shalat atau ibadah yang lain.
Niat Wudhu :
NAWAITUL WUDHUU-A LIROF'IL HADATSIL ASGHORI FARDHOL LILLAHI TA'AALAA.
NAWAITUL WUDHUU-A LIROF'IL HADATSIL ASGHORI FARDHOL LILLAHI TA'AALAA.
Artinya :
Saya niat berwudhu untuk menghilangkan hadats kecil karena Allah Ta'ala.
Saya niat berwudhu untuk menghilangkan hadats kecil karena Allah Ta'ala.
Yang dapat membatalkan wudhu anda :
a. mengeluarkan suatu zat dari qubul (kemaluan) dan dubur (anus). Misalnya buang air kecil, air besar, buang angin/kentut dan lain sebagainya.
b. kehilangan kesadaran baik karena pingsan, ayan, kesurupan, gila, mabuk, dan lain-lain.
c. Bersentuhan dengan lawan jenis yang bukan muhrimnya tanpa tutup.
d. tidur dengan nyenyak, kecuali tidur mikro (micro sleep) sambil duduk tanpa berubah kedudukan.
a. mengeluarkan suatu zat dari qubul (kemaluan) dan dubur (anus). Misalnya buang air kecil, air besar, buang angin/kentut dan lain sebagainya.
b. kehilangan kesadaran baik karena pingsan, ayan, kesurupan, gila, mabuk, dan lain-lain.
c. Bersentuhan dengan lawan jenis yang bukan muhrimnya tanpa tutup.
d. tidur dengan nyenyak, kecuali tidur mikro (micro sleep) sambil duduk tanpa berubah kedudukan.
Cara Berwudhu :
a. membaca bismillah
b. membasuh tangan
c. niat wudhu
a. membaca bismillah
b. membasuh tangan
c. niat wudhu
Sebagaimana sabda Rasulullah Shalallahu Alaihi Wa Sallam: “Sesungguhnya amal perbuatan itu bergantung pada niatnya” (HR. Bukhari Muslim). Niat adalah kemauan dan keinginan hati untuk berwudhu. Juga pada apa yang disebutkan pada hadist, bahwa niat itu bermuara pada hati, sedangkan melafazhkannya bukanlah merupakan sesuatu yang disyariatkan. [2]
d. berkumur dan membesihkan gigi (3x)
e. membasuh seluruh muka/wajah sampai rata (sela-sea janggut bila ada) (3x)
Kewajiban membasuh wajah di dalam berwudhu itu hanya sekali, sunnahnya 3x. Yaitu dari bagian atas dahi sampai bagian dagu yang bawah dan dari bagian satu telinga ke bagian bawah telinga yang lain. Sebagaimana difrmankan oleh Allah Azza wa Jalla :“Wahai orang-orang yangberiman, apabila kalian hendak mengerjakan shalat maka basuhlah muka.” (QS. Al-Maidah : 6)Air wudhu itu harus mengalir pada wajah, karena mengalir disini berarti mengalirkan.
f. membasuh tangan hinnga siku merata (3x yang kanan dulu)
Yaitu : sebagaimana firman Allah Ta’ala: “Kemudian tangan kalian sampai ke siku” (QS.Al-Maidah : 6)
g. membasuh rambut bagian depan hingga rata (3x)
h. membasuh daun telinga/kuping hinnga merata (3x sebelah kanan dulu)
h. membasuh daun telinga/kuping hinnga merata (3x sebelah kanan dulu)
i. membasuh kaki hingga mata kaki sampai rata (3x kanan dahulu)
j. membaca doa setelah wudhu
Dalil-Dalil Disyariatkannya Wudhu
Dalil dari Al-Qur’an
Allah berfirman yang artinya, “Hai orang-orang yang beriman, apabila kamu hendak mengerjakan shalat, maka basuhlah mukamu dan taganmu sampai dengan siku, dan sapulah kepalamu dan (basuhlah) kakimu sampai dengan kedua mata kaki.” (QS. Al-Maidah: 6)
Dalil dari As-Sunnah
- Diriwayatkan dari Ibnu Abbas radhiyallahu ‘anhu, ia berkata: Rasulullah shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam bersabda, “Sesungguhnya aku diperintahkan untuk berwudhu apabila hendak mengerjakan shalat.” (HR. At-Tirmidzi, Abu Dawud, An-Nasa’i dengan derajad shahih)
- Hadits dari Abu Hurairah radhiyallahu ‘anhu, ia berkata: Rasulullah shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam bersabda, ” Tidak diterima shalat salah seorang dari kalian apabila ia berhadas, hingga ia berwudhu.” (HR. Bukhari dan Muslim)
Dalil Ijma’
Para ulama telah sepakat bahwa tidak sah shalat tanpa bersuci, jika dia mampu untuk melakukannya.
Begitu penting dan agungnya perkara wudhu ini, sampai-sampai dikatakan bahwa tidak sah shalat seseorang tanpa berwudhu, maka sudah selayaknya bagi setiap muslim untuk menaruh perhatian yang besar terhadap permasalahan ini dengan berusaha memperbagus wudhunya yaitu dengan memperhatikan syarat, kewajiban serta sunnah-sunnah wudhu.
Syarat-syarat Wudhu
Yang dimaksud dengan syarat-syarat wudhu adalah perkara-perkara yang harus dipenuhi oleh orang yang hendak berwudhu. Di antara syarat-syarat wudhu adalah:
- Islam.
Wudhu merupakan salah satu bentuk ibadah dalam Islam di mana orang yang melakukannya dengan ikhlas serta sesuai dengan tuntunan Allah akan diberi pahala. Adapun orang kafir, amalan-amalan mereka seperti debu yang beterbangan yang tidak akan diterima oleh Allah ta’ala. - Berakal
- Tamyiz (Dewasa)
- Niat
Rasulullah shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam bersabda, ” Sesungguhnya amal itu tergantung niatnya, dan setiap orang hanyalah mendapatkan apa yang diniatkannya. ” (HR. Bukhari dan Muslim). Oleh karena itu, orang yang dhohirnya (secara kasat mata) berwudhu, akan tetapi niatnya hanya sekedar untuk mendinginkan badan atau menyegarkan badan tanpa diniati untuk melaksanakan perintah Allah dan Rasul-Nya dalam berwudhu serta menghilangkan hadats, maka wudhunya tidak sah. Dan yang perlu untuk diperhatikan, bahwa niat di sini letaknya di dalam hati dan tidak perlu dilafazkan. - Tasmiyah
Yang dimaksud dengan tasmiyah adalah membaca “bismillah”. Boleh juga apabila ditambah dengan “Ar-Rohmanir Rohim“. Tasmiyah ketika hendak memulai shalat merupakan syarat sah wudhu berdasarkan sabda Nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam, “Tidak ada shalat bagi orang yang tidak berwudhu dan tidak ada wudhu bagi orang yang tidak menyebut nama Allah (bertasmiyah, pen). ” (HR. Ibnu Majah, hasan) - Menggunakan air yang suci
Air dikatakan suci atau masih suci manakala tidak tercampur oleh zat/barang yang najis sehingga menjadi berubah salah satu dari tiga sifat, yaitu bau, rasa dan warnanya. Apabila air telah terkena najis, misalnya air kencing atau yang lainnya, kemudian menjadi berubah salah satu dari ketiga sifat di atas maka air tersebut telah menjadi tidak suci lagi berdasarkan ijma’. Apabila air tersebut tercampuri oleh sesuatu yang bukan najis, maka air tersebut masih boleh dipakai untuk berwudhu apabila campurannya hanya sedikit. Namun apabila campurannya cukup banyak sehingga menjadikan air tersebut tidak bisa dikatakan lagi sebagai air, maka air yang telah berubah ini tidak dapat dipakai untuk berwudhu lagi karena sudah tidak bisa dikatakan lagi sebagai air. Misalnya, ada air yang suci sebanyak 1 liter. Air ini kemudian dicampur dengan 5 sendok makan susu bubuk dan diaduk. Maka campuran air ini tidak bisa lagi dipakai untuk berwudhu karena sudah berubah namanya menjadi “susu” dan tidak dikatakan sebagai air lagi. - Menggunakan air yang mubah
Apabila air diperoleh dengan cara mencuri, maka tidak sah berwudhu dengan air tersebut. Hal ini berdasarkan sabda Rasulullah shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam, “Sesungguhnya Allah Ta’ala itu Maha Baik. Dia tidak menerima sesuatu kecuali yang baik.” (HR. Muslim). Sudah dimaklumi, bahwa mencuri merupakan perbuatan yang tidak baik dan keharamannya sudah jelas. Oleh karena itu, air hasil curian (yang merupakan barang yang tidak baik) tidak sah digunakan untuk berwudhu. - Menghilangkan sesuatu yang menghalangi sampainya air ke kulit.
Tidak sah wudhu seseorang yang memakai kutek atau yang lainnya yang dapat menghalangi sampainya air ke kulit.
Rukun-Rukun Wudhu
Rukun wudhu dikenal pula sebagai kewajiban wudhu yaitu perkara-perkara yang harus dilakukan oleh orang yang berwudhu agar wudhunya menjadi sah. Di antara rukun-rukun wudhu adalah:
1. Mencuci seluruh wajah
Wajah adalah sesuatu yang tampak pada saat berhadapan. Batasan wajah adalah mulai dari tempat tumbuhnya rambut bagian atas dahi hingga bagian paling bawah dari jenggot atau dagu (jika memang tidak punya jenggot). Ini bila ditinjau secara vertikal. Adapun batasan wajah secara horizontal adalah dari telinga hingga ke telinga yang lain.
Mencuci wajah merupakan salah satu rukan wudhu, artinya tidak sah wudhu tanpa mencuci wajah. Allah berfirman yang artinya, “Hai orang-orang yang beriman, apabila kamu hendak mengerjakan shalat maka basuhlah mukamu.” (QS. Al-Maidah: 6)
Termasuk salah satu kewajiban dalam wudhu adalah menyela-nyela jenggot bagi yang memiliki jenggot yang lebat berdasarkan hadits Anas bin Malik radhiyallahu ‘anhu bahwasanya apabila Rasulullah shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam berwudhu, beliau mengambil setelapak air kemudian memasukkannya ke bawah dagunya selanjutnya menyela-nyela jenggotnya. Kemudian bersabda, “Demikianlah Rabbku memerintahkanku.” (HR. Abu Dawud, Al-Baihaqi, Al-Hakim dengan sanad shahih lighoirihi).
Perlu untuk diperhatikan bahwa pegertian mencuci wajah termasuk di dalamnya madhmadhoh (berkumur-kumur) dan istinsyaq (memasukkan air dan menghirupnya hingga ke bagian dalam hidung). Hal ini karena mulut dan hidung juga termasuk bagian wajah yang harus dicuci. Nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam bersabda, “Apabila salah seorang dari kalian berwudhu hendaklah ia melakukan istinsyaq.” (HR. Muslim). Adapun tentang madhmadhoh, beliau shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam bersabda, “Jika engkau berwudhu, maka lakukanlah madhmadhoh.” (HR. Abu Dawud, Tirmidzi, Nasa’i dan Ibnu majah dengan sanad yang shahih)
Sehingga orang yang berwudhu tanpa disertai dengan madhmadhoh dan istinsyaq maka wudhunya tidak sah.
2. Mencuci kedua tangan hingga siku
Para ulama telah bersepakat tentang wajibnya mencuci kedua tangan ketika berwudhu. Allah berfirman yang artinya, “Hai orang-orang yang beriman, apabila kamu hendak mengerjakan shalat maka basuhlah mukamu dan juga tanganmu sampai dengan siku.” (QS. Al-Maidah: 6)
Perlu untuk diperhatikan bahwa siku adalah termasuk bagian tangan yang harus disertakan untuk dicuci.
3. Mengusap kepala serta kedua telinga
Allah berfirman yang artinya, “… dan usaplah kepalamu.” (QS. Al-Maidah: 6). Yang dimaksud dengan mengusap kepala adalah mengusap seluruh bagian kepala mulai dari depan hingga belakang. Adapun apabila seseorang mengenakan sorban, maka cukup baginya untuk mengusap rambut di bagian ubun-ubunnya kemudian mengusap sorbannya. Demikian pula bagi wanita yang mengenakan kerudung.
Adapun mengusap kedua telinga hukumnya juga wajib karena termasuk bagian dari kepala. Nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam bersabda, “Kedua telinga termasuk kepala.” (HR. Ibnu Majah, shahih). Mengusap kedua telinga ini dilakukan setelah mengusap kepala dengan tanpa mengambil air yang baru.
4. Mencuci kedua kaki hingga mata kaki.
Allah berfirman yang artinya,” dan (cucilah) kakimu sampai kedua mata kaki.” (QS. Al-Maidah: 6)
Perlu untuk diperhatikan bahwa kedua mata kaki adalah termasuk bagian kaki yang harus disertakan untuk dicuci. Adapun menyela-nyela jari-jari kaki hukumnya juga wajib apabila memungkinkan bagian antar jari tidak tercuci kecuali dengan menyela-nyelanya.
5. Muwalaat (berturut-turut)
Muwalat adalah berturut-turut dalam membasuh anggota wudhu. Maksudnya adalah sebelum anggota tubuh yang dibasuhnya mengering, ia telah membasuh anggota tubuh yang lainnya.
Dalilnya adalah hadits Umar bin Khaththab radhiyallahu ‘anhu bahwasanya ada seorang laki-laki yang berwudhu dan meninggalkan bagian sebesar kuku pada kakinya yang belum tercuci. Ketika beliau shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam melihatnya maka beliau bersabda, “Kembalilah dan perbaikilah wudhumu!” (HR. Muslim). Dalam suatu riwayat dari sebagian sahabat Nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam, “Bahwasanya Nabi melihat seseorang sedang shalat, sementara di bagian atas kakinya terdapat bagian yang belum terkena air sebesar dirham. Maka Nabi memerintahkannya untuk mengulangi wudhu dan shalatnya.” (HR. Abu dawud, shahih). Dari hadits di atas, dapat kita ketahui bahwa muwalaat merupakan salah satu rukun wudhu. Hal ini karena Nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam tidaklah mencukupkan diri dalam memerintahkan orang yang belum sempurna wudhunya untuk mencuci bagian yang belum tercuci sebelumnya, namun beliau memerintahkan orang tersebut untuk mengulangi wudhunya.
Sunnah-sunnah Wudhu
Yang dimaksud sunnah-sunnah wudhu adalah hal-hal yang menyempurnakan wudhu. Di dalamnya terdapat tambahan pahala. Adapun jika hal-hal tersebut ditinggalkan, wudhunya tetap sah. Di antara sunnah-sunnah wudhu adalah:
1. Bersiwak
Siwak diambil dari kata saka, yang artinya adalah menggosok. Sedangkan menurut istilah, yang dimaksud dengan bersiwak adalah menggunakan kayu siwak atau sejenisnya pada gigi untuk menghilangkan warna kuning atau yang lainnya.
Bersiwak ini sangat dianjurkan tatkala hendak berwudhu berdasarkan sabda Nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam, “Seandainya aku tidak khawatir memberatkan umatku, niscaya telah kuperintahkan mereka untuk bersiwak setiap kali berwudhu.” (HR. Ahmad, dalam Shohihul jami’)
2. Mencuci kedua telapak tangan
Yang dimaksud adalah mencuci kedua telapak tangan sebelum wudhu ketika hendak mencuci wajah. Hal ini dilakukan masing-masing sebanyak tiga kali berdasarkan hadits Utsman tentang sifat (cara) wudhu Nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam, “…lalu beliau menuangkan (air) di atas telapak tangannya tiga kali kemudian mencucinya.” (HR. Bukhari dan Muslim)
3. Madhmadhoh (berkumur-kumr) dan istinsyaq (memasukkan air ke dalam hidung) dari satu telapak tangan sebanyak tiga kali.
Hal ini berdasarkan hadits Abdullah bin Zaid radhiyallahu ‘anhu yang mengajarkan tentang sifat wudhu Nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam, ” Bahwasanya beliau berkumur-kumur dan istinsyaq dari satu telapak tangan. Beliau melakukan hal itu sebanyak tiga kali.” (HR. Muslim). Termasuk sunnah dalam wudhu adalah bersungguh-sungguh tatkala beristnsyaq (memasukkan air ke dalam hidung), kecuali bagi orang yang bepuasa. Hal ini berdasarkan sabda Nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam, “Bersungguh-sunguhlah dalam beristinsyaq, kecuali kamu dalam keadaan berpuasa. (HR. Abu Dawud, Nasa’i, Ibnu Majah, Ahmad dengan sanad yang shahih)
Perlu untuk diketahui bahwa bermadhmadhoh serta beristinsyaq dalam wudhu hukumnya wajib (sebagaimana penjelasan yang terdahulu tentang rukun-rukun wudhu). Adapun bermadhmadhoh dan beristinsyaq dengan menggunakan satu telapak tangan serta melakukannya sebanyak tiga kali hukumnya hanyalah sunnah. Demikian pula bersungguh-sungguh dalam beristinsyaq tatkala berwudhu selain bagi orang yang berpuasa, ini pun hukumnya hanyalah sunnah.
4. Tayamun
Yang dimaksud dengan tayamun adalah mencuci anggota wudhu dengan memulainya dari bagian anggota wudhu yang kanan dulu kemudian ke bagian yang kiri pada saat mencuci kedua tangan atau kaki.
Dalilnya adalah perbuatan Nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam sebagaimana diriwayatkan dari Ibnu Abbas radhiyallahu ‘anhu tatkala menceritakan sifat wudhu Nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam. Ibnu Abbas radhiyallahu ‘anhu berkata, “…Kemudian beliau mengambil seciduk air lalu mencuci tangan kanannya, kemudian mengambil seciduk air lalu mencuci tangan kirinya. Kemudian beliau mengusap kepalanya. Selanjutnya beliau mengambil seciduk air lalu menyiramkannya pada kaki kanannya hingga mencucinya. Kemudian beliau mengambil seciduk air lagi lalu mencuci kaki kirinya.” (HR. Bukhari)
5. Mencuci anggota-anggota wudhu sebanyak tiga kali.
Hali ini merupakan cara wudhu yang paling sempurna berdasarkan hadits A’robi (arab badui) tatkala ia bertanya kepada Nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam tentang wudhu, kemudian beliau shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam mengajarinya tiga kali-tiga kali. Selanjutnya beliau shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam bersabda, “Inilah cara berwudhu...” (HR. Nasa’i, Ibnu Majah dan Ahmad, shohih). Juga berdasarkan hadits Utsman radhiyallahu ‘anhu yang suatu ketika memperlihatkan cara wudhu Nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam. Utsman radhiyallahu ‘anhu berwudhu tiga kali tiga kali kemudian berkata, “Aku melihat Nabi berwudhu seperti wudhuku ini…” (HR. Bukhari dan Muslim). Adapun berwudhu sekali-sekali ataupun dua kali dua kali, ini pun juga diperbolehkan karena Nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam juga pernah melakukannya.
6. Berdoa setelah wudhu
Berdoa setelah wudhu merupakan salah satu amalan yang sangat dianjurkan, berdasarkan hadits dari Umar radhiyallahu ‘anhu bahwasanya Rasulullah shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam bersabda, “Tidaklah salah seorang di antara kalian berwudhu dengan sempurna, kemudian mengucapkan ‘Asyhadu allaa ilaha illallah wahdahu laa syarika lahu, wa asyhadu anna muhammdan abduhu wa rosuluhu‘ kecuali dibukakan baginya delapan pintu surga dan ia boleh masuk dari pintu mana saja yang ia suka.” (HR. Muslim). Di dalam lafadz Tirmidzi ada tambahan bacaan, “Allahumma ijnalni minattawwabiin wa ij’alni minal mutathohhiriin.” (HR. Tirmidzi, shahih)
7. Shalat dua rakaat setelah wudhu
Amalan ini mempunyai nilai yang sangat agung di dalam Islam berdasarkan hadits Utsman radhiyallahu ‘anhu. Tatkala Utsman radhiyallahu ‘anhu selesai mempraktekkan cara wudhu Nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam, beliau berkata, “Aku melihat Nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam berwudhu seperti wudhuku ini, kemudian beliau bersabda, ‘Barang siapa berwudhu seperti wudhuku ini, kemudian shalat dua rakaat dengan penuh kekhusyukan, maka Allah akan mengampuni dosanya yang telah lalu.’” (HR. Bukhari dan Muslim)
Manfaat Wudhu
1. HSRMuslim, I:1151.dan Mukhtaashar Muslim, no.133.
Dari Abu Hurairah r.a., telah bersabda Rasulullah saw:Maukah aku tunjukkan kepada kalian beberapa hal yang dengan itu Allah akan menghapusdosadosa dan mengangkat derajat kalian? Mau Ya Rasulullah , ujar mereka. Sabda beliau:yaitu menyempurnakan wudhu' ketika dalam keadaan sulit, sering melangkah menuju keMasjid (untuk sholat berjama'ah), dan menunggu sholat (berikutnya) sesudah selesaimengerjakan sholat*), yang demikian itu adalah perjuangan (ribath+), perjuangan (sekalilagi), perjuangan. *)Sholat MaghribIsya sambil dzikrullooh (pen.)+) mempertahankan pos jaga digaris terdepan.(Lih.Sahih MuslimI:151).
2. HSR Muslim, I:148 dan Mukht.Muslim no. 121.
Dari Abu Hurairah, Rasulullah bersabda: Apanila seorang hamba Muslim(mu'min)berwudhu, lalu ia mencuci wajahnya, maka akan keluar dari wajahnya setiap dosa yangpernah ia lihat (yang haram) dengan matanya bersamaan dengan air atau bersama tetesanair yang terakhir; bila ia mencuci kedua tangannya, keluar dari kedua tangannya setiap dosayang pernah dilakukan oleh kedua tangannyabersamaan dengan air atautetesan air yang terakhir. Dan bila ia mencuci kedua kakinya, akan keluar dosadosa yangdilakukan oleh kedua kakinya bersamaan dengan air atau bersamaan dengan tetesan airyang terakhir, hingga ia keluar dalam keadaan bersih dari dosa.
3. HSR Ahmad,V:252.
Dari Abu Umamah, telah bersabda Rasulullah saw: Apabila seorang muslim berwudhu'maka akan keluar dosadosanya dengan sebab mendengar, melihat, dari tangannya dan darikedua kakinya. Apabila ia duduk(menanti sholat), ia masuk dalam keadaan diampuni dosadosanya.***)Hadis ini dihasankan dalam MNAA "Sahih Jami'us Shaghiir, no.461.
4. HSR Muslim I:140.
Dari Abu Malik Ay'ariy, telah bersabda Rasulullah saw.:Bersuci itu sebagian dari iman, alhamdulillah akan memenuhi timbangan, subhanallooh danalhamdulillaah keduanya akan memenuhi antara langit dan bumi, sholat adalah cahaya,shodaqoh adalah bukti, shobar adalah sinar, dan AlQur'an adalah hujjan atasmu ataubagimu. Dan setiap manusia pergi menjual dirinya, MAKA ADA YANG MEMERDEKAKANDIRINYA, dan pula yang MEMBINASAKAN DIRINYA.
5. HSR Muslim III:133.
Dari Usman ra., telah bersabda Rasulullah saw: Barangsiapa yang berwudhu, lalu iasempurnakan wudhunya, niscaya akan keluar dosadosanya dari tubuhnya, sampai keluar(dosadosa) dari bawah kukukuku jarinya.
Perkara-Perkara Yang Membatalkan Wudhu
1. Keluar sesuatu dari dua jalan iaitu qubul dan dubur
Seperti kentut,
Firman Alloh Swt :
“Wahai orang-orangyang beriman, berwuduklah apabila kamu ingin mendirikan solat atau apabila ada antara karnu yang datang dari tempat membuang hajat”. (Surah al-Maidah: 6)
Abu Hurairah r.a berkata, bahawa Rasulullah s.a.w bersabda:
Abu Hurairah r.a berkata, bahawa Rasulullah s.a.w bersabda:
“Alloh tidak akan menerima sholat seseorang apabila dia telah berhadas sehingga dia kembali berwudhu.
Seorang lelaki daripada Hadramaut bertanya: Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan hadas wahai Abu Hurairah? Jawabnya: Kentut. (Hadis riwayat al-Bukhari dan Muslim)
Keluar air mazi.
Ali bin Abu Talib r.a berkata:
“Aku adalah lelaki yang paling banyak keluar air mazi. Lalu aku perintahkan seorang lelaki bertanya kepada Nabi s.a.w menggunakan nama anak perempuanya (Fatimah). Lalu dia bertanya kepada baginda. Lantas haginda menjawab: Berwudhu’lah dan basuhlah kemaluanmu”. (Hadis riwayat al-Bukhari dan Muslim)
Ibn al-Mundziri r.h bcrkata:
“Memang tsabit daripada hadis Rasulullah s.a.w rnengenai kewajipan berwudhu’ bagi air mazi (yang keluar)”. (Rujuk al-Ausot, jil. 1, ms. 133)
Al-Nawawi r.h berkata:
“Mengenai hukum keluar air mazi, ijmak ulama bahawa tidak wajib mandi junub. Abu Hanifah, Syafie, Ahmad dan jumhur berpendapat, wajib berwuduk berdasarkan hadis ibi.” (Rujuk Syarh Sahih Muslim, jil. 3, ms. 212)
Keluar al-Wadi
Ibn Abbas a berkata:Berhubung dengan air mani, wajib mandi junub. Mengenai air mazi dan wadi, dia hendaklah membasuh kemaluannya serta bewuduk. (Hadis riwayat Abdul Razzaq dalam Musannaf, jil. 1, ms. 159 dengan sanad sahih)
Ibn al-Mundzir r.h berkata:
“Mengenai air wadi, ia sesuatu yang keluar daripada zakar selepas kencing. Oleh itu, wudhu’ wajib selepas kencing. Jadi, apa sahaja yang keluar daripada zakar sudah tentu diwajibkan berwuduk sebagaimana wajib berwuduk apabila keluar air kencing.” (Rujuk al-Ausot, jil. 1, ms. 136)
Keluar air mani
Ini berdasarkan riwayat Ibn Abbas r.a yang dinyatakan sebelum ini melalui Musannaf Abdul Razzaq.
2. Hilang ingatan dengan sebab gila atau pitam atau tidur yang tidak tetap kedudukannya
3. Bersentuh kulit antara lelaki dan perempuan yang bukan muhrimnya.
4. Menyentuh kemaluan dengan tapak tangan ataau perut anak jari.samada kemaluan sendiri atau orang lain.
Busrah binti Safwan r.a berkata bahawa Rasulullah s.a.w bersabda: “
Janganlah menunaikan solat sebelum berwudhu’ bagi sesiapa yang menyentuh kemaluannya. (Hadis riwayat Ahmad, al-Tirmizi, al-Nasaai, Abu Daud dan Ibn Majah. Al-Tirmizi mensahihkannya)
Hadits-hadits yang berkenaan dengan wudhu 1. Barangsiapa berwudhu dengan baik keluarlah dosa-dosanya dari jasadnya sampaipun dari bawah kuku-kukunya. (HR. Muslim)
2. Seorang yang selesai berwudhu dengan baik lalu mengucapkan dua kalimat syahadat, maka akan terbuka baginya pintu-pintu surga yang delapan dan dia dapat memasuki pintu yang mana saja dia kehendaki. (HR. Ahmad dan Ibnu Majah)
3. Nabi Saw melihat Sa’ad yang sedang berwudhu, lalu beliau berkata, “Pemborosan apa itu, hai Sa’ad?” Sa’ad bertanya, “Apakah dalam wudhu ada pemborosan?” Nabi menjawab, “Ya, meskipun kamu (berwudhu) di sungai yang mengalir.” (HR. Ahmad)
4. Akan terdapat dalam umat ini suatu kaum yang berlebih-lebihan dalam berwudhu dan berdo’a. (HR. Ahmad, Abu Dawud, dan Ibnu Majah)
5. Umatku akan tampil pada hari kiamat dengan wajah bersinar, tangan serta kakinya berkilauan dari bekas-bekas wudhu. (HR. Ahmad, Bukhari dan Muslim)
Demikian beberapa syarat, rukun dan sunnah-sunnah serta manfaat wudhu yang hendaknya menjadi perhatian bagi kita semua untuk kita amalkan agar wudhu kita sesuai dengan petunjuk Rasulullah shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam. Sebenarnya ada beberapa permasalahan di atas yang masih menjadi perselisihan para ulama tentang pengelompokannya menjadi syarat, rukun atau sunnah wudhu, akan tetapi sengaja tidak kami tampilkan dan hanya dipilih yang paling kuat pendapatnya menurut penulis untuk mempermudah pembahasan. Mudah-mudahan Allah memberikan taufik kepada penulis dan menjadikan tulisan ini sebagai tabungan amal shalih bagi penulis di akhirat kelak serta bermanfaat bagi para pembaca sekalian.
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